The American Academy of Pain Medicine      Annual Meeting Home Page     
24th Annual Meeting
February 13-16, 2008
Orlando, FL

© 2006 American Academy of Pain Medicine
 


Thursday, February 14, 2008
135

Patient Preferences for Constant Current and Constant Voltage Stimulation

Kenneth Alò, MD1, William A. Hautt, BBA2, Thomas J. Cartwright, MD3, Dave Primm, MA, ELS2, and Jack Bornstein, RN2. (1) Kenneth Alò, MDPA, Houston, TX, USA, (2) Advanced Neuromodulation Systems, Plano, TX, USA, (3) KSF Orthopaedic Center, Houston, TX, USA

Introduction Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) devices employ two methods of current delivery, either constant current or constant voltage. Each method uses stimulation pulses with a distinct shape (Fig. 1). Constant voltage pulses have current amplitudes that initially maximize then decline in response to tissue qualities such as impedance. Constant current pulses have current amplitudes that are unaltered for the duration of the pulse. Since total charge is a product of current amplitude (current amplitude × pulse width), and impedance in SCS patients may change over time,1,2 the total charge provided by constant voltage systems can vary. As of yet, little data exists comparing patient perceptions of constant voltage and constant current stimulation. Methods Information was collected from 11 patients with intractable chronic pain of the trunk and/or extremities who had experienced both constant voltage and constant current stimulation. Some patients had received a constant voltage implantable pulse generator (IPG) that was later switched to a constant current IPG during battery replacement surgery. Other patients were given trial stimulation using constant voltage and constant current power sources from the same manufacturer. The patients' programming was generally the same when they used the constant voltage and constant current devices, although slight adjustments were made as necessary. Patients filled out questionnaires to evaluate both kinds of stimulation. Results The patients' pain topographies included the upper and lower extremities (Table 1). Constant current stimulation was most often described by patients as soothing or pleasant while constant voltage was described as comfortable or massaging (Fig. 2). All patients expressed a preference for constant current stimulation, rating it as more comfortable and better at relieving their pain (Fig. 3). Conclusion Patient reports of differing sensations from constant current and constant voltage systems may be related to the stimulation pulses the systems provide. Further study is warranted.


References:

1.   Oakley JC, Prager J, Krames E, Weiner RL, Stamatos J, Bradley K. Variability of contact impedance over time in spinal cord stimulation. Paper presented at: Meeting of the American Society of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery; Oct 1-3, 2004; Cleveland, Ohio.

2.   Alò K, Varga C, Krames E, et al. Factors affecting impedance of percutaneous leads in spinal cord stimulation. Neuromodulation. 2006;9(2):128-135.


Funding: This research was supported by Advanced Neuromodulation Systems.

William A. Hautt, BBA
Conflict of Interest Disclosure: ANS, employee